Automated Unmanned Railway Crossing Level Using Arduino

In Railway System, India is the largest second place to have big railway network. People almost use railway system to travel everyday, revenue generated from railways also plays a major role to our government. Everyday people are crossing the railway track and near the area at times because of track keeper fault or unavailability of track keeper or obstruction of vehicles in the railway lines causes major accidents near the railway gates.

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Automation is essential to avoid the man faults, also to avoid accidents, automated railway gates are used. The proximity sensor, a metal detector is placed at some distance from the level crossing gate so when the trains pass through the sensor the signal is transmitted to the controller of the arduino board.

The controller gives the command to the motor driver and the motor will be turned on to close the gate slowly at the same time the buzzer is indicated that the level is closing. If suppose the vehicle is stuck in between the gates the IR senor detects it immediately it pass the controller the alert the emergency condition to open the gates to a particular time to give the way to vehicle and then the level gate is closed again, the limit switches are used to identify whether the gate is closed or not.

Project Description:

1. Arduino: The digital and analog input/output pins equipped in this board can be interfaced to various expansion boards and other circuits. Serial communication interface is a feature in this board, including USB which will be used to load the programs from computer.
2. Proximity Senor: Proximity sensor is a sensor that can detect the presence of nearby objects without any physical contact. It emits an electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation(infrared) and looks for the changes in the field or return signal.
3. DC Motor: This is an electric machines which converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.
4. Infrared sensor: An infrared sensor is an electronic instrument which is used to sense certain characteristics of its surroundings by either emitting and/or detecting infrared radiation. Infrared sensors are also capable of measuring the heat being emitted by an object and detecting motion.

The wavelength region which ranges from 0.75 to 3µm is known as the near infrared regions. The region between 3 and 6µm is known as the mid-infrared and infrared radiation which has a wavelength greater higher than 6µm is known as far infrared.Infrared technology finds applications in many everyday products.

5. Limit Switch: A limit switch is an eletromechanical device that consisits of an actuator mechanically linked to a set of contacts. When an objects comes into contact with the actuator, the device operates the contacts to make or break an electrical connections.

Project Implementation:

1. Place the 2 proximity sensor near to the track and at long distance to the level crossing
2. Place the infrared sensor to the gate of the track on one side and in between the track of level crossing
3. Connect the buzzer to the port of micrcontroller, buzzer to indicate purpose
4. Place the limit switch to the gate so when it press the limit the power to the motor is cut off
5. You need to program for the above condition and upload the program to the microcontroller using Ardunio IDE Software Programmer

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Software requirements:

1. Arduino IDE: You will be needing Arduino IDE software to write and upload the programming logic onto the Arduino Uno board
2. Programming language: C++ Language

• Arduino
• Proximity Sensor
• Infrared Sensor
• Buzzer
• DC Motor

• Arduino
• Infrared Sensor
• Embedded Systems

Automated Unmanned Railway Crossing Level Using Arduino