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Wireless Power Transfer technology removes the disadvantage of using the wired technology that is prevalent today. Certain drawbacks of wired power transfer technology being used are the reason for adopting wireless power transfer technology.
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It is not feasible to obtain a charging point /plug point at all times or even keep the charger with oneself at all times. Electromagnetic induction is the principle on which the whole foundation of wireless power transmission stands. The use of wireless transmission would eliminate the need of wires which pertaining to the situation may be complex or hazardous.
Wireless Power Transmission system has the potential to eliminate the existing transmission network; this would reduce a lot of transmission losses and also eliminate the use of certain equipment thus saving cost. It would enable the transmission of power to places where the current transmission system fails to supply power. The system would also have higher efficiency than wired transmission system.
Before starting the project, we should be familiar with the electromagnetic induction and principle of electromagnetism which is the key source of charging your phones wireless. An energizing source is required along with two antennas, one for transmission of the signal and one for receiving it. The receiving antenna would then energize the load. The energizing source sends a high power time varying signal to the transmission antenna. The resulting electrostatic field produced around the transmitting antenna would also be time varying in accordance with the high power signal. The time-varying power signal produces electromagnetic waves. These electromagnetic waves then move through the air and the receiving antenna positioned at the appropriate location. Once the receiving antenna receives these electromagnetic waves, another signal would be induced in the receiving antenna based on its strength. This gives rise to the current that feeds the load.
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Electromagnetic Induction: An electric current flowing through a conductor, such as a wire, carries electrical energy. When an electric current passes through a circuit there is an electric field in the dielectric surrounding the conductor; magnetic field lines around the conductor and lines of electric force radically about the conductor.
Principle of Induction:A conductor placed in the vicinity of a changing electric field experiences flow of electric current through it.
The working of this project is very simple we will be using the power source that is our main power supply of 230V AC current which will be passed through a high frequency step down transformer to 12V AC current from which it will be sent to Mobile Module in which it passes through Bridge Rectifier which chops the current and converts it into 12V DC and passes it to wireless power transmitter circuit which in turn charges the battery from the energy generated by Transmitter Coil. This method is also called as inductive charging i.e. without the use of wires and is used in electric toothbrushes and some surgical instruments.
The main objective of Wireless Power Transmission is that it allows charging eliminating the use of power chord. The power is transferred without the use of interconnecting wires. The technology involving charging without the use of wires has been around for some time now and is used in electric toothbrushes and some surgical instruments such as artificial hearts magnetic field generated in the transmitter coil due to AC passed through it is responsible for inducing a voltage in the receiver coil which powers the load, which is the mobile phone in this case.
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