Accident detection system with GPS and GSM

With the urbanisation on the rise, the number of accidents that are happening every day is on the rise. And the major issue here is that non availability of medical help at the right time. Where the medical institutions are not getting the information at the right time and they end up reacting to the situation very late that it may even cost a life of a person.

To provide an effective solution to this, here we are proposing a system that will be fitted inside the front and back bonnet of the vehicle. It works on the simple principle in which two metallic plates will be placed close together with a minimum gap between them and whenever there is an impact the plates will come in contact with each other. When they come in contact with each other, conductance will happen and this signal will be then sent to the microcontroller.

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8051 microcontroller acts as the brain of the system here where as soon as it receives the signal when the plates come in contact, it will activate the buzzer and alert the users. Microcontroller receives the coordinates from the GPS modem. The data will be then sent to the GSM modem. The GSM modem sends the data via SMS. SMS will be sent to the family members of the driver, so that they can take immediate action to help the persons suffering due to this accident. Since they are aware of the location already, immediate medical assistance can be provided reducing the medical risk.

Project Description:

1. GPS Modem: GPS modem get connected with the required satellites. Then it calculates co-ordinates of location. Then Microcontroller receives data from GPS modem.
2. Microcontroller: Microcontroller communicates with Liquid crystal display. It also sends data to GSM module. 8051 communicates with input devices and output devices
3. AT89S52: The AT89S52 is a low power, high performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8k bytes of in-system programmable flash memory. This is a powerful microcontroller which provides high flexibility and cost effective solution to many embedded control applications. It has the following standard features: 8K bytes of flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines, watchdog timer, 2 data pointers, 3 16-bit timers/counters, on-chip oscillator and clock circuitry.
4. LCD Display: Longitude and latitude is shown on LCD display
5. GSM Modem: GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) is a standard developed to describe protocols for second generation digital cellular networks used by mobile phones. SIM-900 GSM module will be used for this project. It is a type of modem that accepts a SIM card and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. It will be capable of sending and receiving SMS & MMS messages.
6. MAX232: MAX232 is required since the communication level of 8051 and GSM modem is different
7. Keypad: User can send emergency message using keypad

Interfacing GPS with 8051 Microcontroller:

GPS – Global Positioning System is generally used to determine the location of a vehicle or a person from a remote location. These GPS modules are generally used to provide the location, position and navigation services to the users from anywhere on earth. There are about 24 to 32 satellites which facilitates the seamless working of GPS.

The main application for the GPS involves mapping, tracking and surveillance. The GPS module calculates the position of any user, by recognizing the signals that are transmitted by the satellites. GPS receiver calculates the distance to each satellite and the raw data is converted to latitude, longitude, altitude, speed and time.

Software requirements:

1. Keil Uvision 3: Keil Software makes C compilers, macro assemblers, real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments and evaluation boards for the 8051, 251, ARM and XC16x/C16x/ST10 microcontroller families
2. Programming language: Embedded C language

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• 8051 microcontroller
• AT89S52
• GSM module
• GPS module

• Embedded Systems
• 8051
• GPS
• GSM

Accident detection system with GPS and GSM